{"product_id":"jujutsu-kaisen-the-strongest","title":"Jujutsu Kaisen - The Strongest","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"293\"\u003eJujutsu Kaisen-inspired black tee featuring a bold “The Strongest” design with striking manga-style artwork and a clean streetwear aesthetic. Blending iconic anime presence with an easy-to-wear everyday silhouette, this piece is made to stand out while keeping a versatile and effortless look.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"295\" data-end=\"489\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eDesigned for comfort, easy styling, and daily wear, it’s perfect for casual outfits, layered fits, and anime fans looking for a standout graphic tee with a premium feel and strong visual impact.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Mitzori","offers":[{"title":"S","offer_id":57237019623750,"sku":null,"price":24.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"M","offer_id":57237019656518,"sku":null,"price":24.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"L","offer_id":57237019689286,"sku":null,"price":24.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"XL","offer_id":57237019722054,"sku":null,"price":24.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"XXL","offer_id":57237019754822,"sku":null,"price":24.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1020\/7638\/3558\/files\/ChatGPT_Image_20_abr_2026_15_26_00.png?v=1788247773","url":"https:\/\/mizairo.com\/products\/jujutsu-kaisen-the-strongest","provider":"Mizairo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}